Impulsiveness in Reactive Dieters: Evidence From Delay Discounting in Orthodontic Patients

Impulsiveness without discounting: the ecological rationality hypothesis.

Observed animal impulsiveness challenges ideas from foraging theory about the fitness value of food rewards, and may play a role in important behavioural phenomena such as cooperation and addiction. Behavioural ecologists usually invoke temporal discounting to explain the evolution of animal impulsiveness. According to the discounting hypothesis, delay reduces the fitness value of the delayed f...

MODELING DELAY DISCOUNTING 1 Modeling Choices in Delay Discounting

Delay discounting in schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND It is well known that individuals with schizophrenia have dopaminergic abnormalities as well as memory-related difficulties, both of which are associated with impulsive decision making. We used a delay discounting measure to test the degree to which patients make future-oriented decisions. METHODS 42 patients with schizophrenia and 29 healthy participants completed a delay discount...

Metal Hypersensitivity in Orthodontic Patients

Orthodontic treatment of individuals with metal hypersensitivity is a matter of concern for the orthodontist. Orthodontic appliances contain metals like Nickel, Cobalt and Chromium etc. Metals may cause allergic reactions and are known as allergens. Reaction to these metals is due to biodegradation of metals in the oral cavity. This may lead to the formation of corrosion products and their expo...

An fMRI investigation of delay discounting in patients with schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with a reduced ability to set meaningful goals to reach desired outcomes. The delay-discounting (DD) task, in which one chooses between sooner smaller and later larger rewards, has proven useful in revealing executive function and reward deficits in various clinical groups. We used fMRI in patients with SZ and healthy controls (HC) to compare brain activation du...